World government or global governance has become a central topic in discussions about how countries can address complex problems that transcend national boundaries. In this era of globalization, various challenges such as climate change, terrorism and pandemics require effective international collaboration. However, the world’s governance system faces significant challenges. One of the biggest challenges is political uncertainty. When large countries such as the US, China and Russia are involved in geopolitical conflicts, this often hinders collaboration efforts at the global level. For example, in the Paris Climate Change agreement, non-commitment from some major countries can make it difficult to achieve common targets. In addition, the increasing issue of nationalism in many countries also creates tensions that can hamper multilateral efforts. On the other hand, the use of information and communication technology can be an opportunity for world government. With digital platforms, international coordination becomes more efficient. For example, through online forums, countries can share data and knowledge in overcoming global health crises such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Cooperation in vaccine development and global distribution shows great potential for future collaboration. In addition, international institutions such as the UN and WHO function as bridges to reach consensus on global issues. However, they have also faced criticism regarding bureaucracy and an inability to act quickly in emergency situations. Reform of these institutions is needed to improve their response to global challenges. Another important aspect is civil society participation. Non-governmental organizations and local communities often have unique knowledge and solutions that can provide new perspectives in the decision-making process. Involving them not only increases transparency, but also creates a greater sense of ownership of the policies produced. Finally, global education also becomes a significant opportunity in world government. By raising awareness about global issues among young people, we can encourage stronger collective action in the future. Student exchange programs and the availability of information through social media provide avenues for the formation of more globally connected communities. World governance in the context of these challenges and opportunities shows that despite obstacles, international collaboration remains indispensable to achieve sustainable solutions. By leveraging technology, involving all levels of society, and reforming international institutions, we can pave the way to a more integrated and responsive global society.