Analysis of Country Conflicts Involving Natural Resources Conflicts involving natural resources are increasing throughout the world, especially in countries with abundant natural wealth. Resources such as oil, gas, minerals and forests are often the cause of tension between countries or within a country. The factors that influence the emergence of this conflict are usually related to ownership, exploitation and distribution of resources. Structurally, natural resource conflicts can be analyzed through several categories. First, there are local conflicts, where indigenous peoples or local communities feel threatened by exploitative activities carried out by large companies or the state. The case of coal mining in Kalimantan, for example, shows how local communities often fight against companies that destroy the environment and displace their land. In this context, conflict arises not only because of economic issues, but also because of cultural identity and land rights. Second, conflicts can also be national, where the government seeks to control resources to support economic development or for political purposes. Oil-rich countries in the Middle East, such as Iraq, are experiencing prolonged conflict. The struggle for oil resources is often exacerbated by foreign intervention which adds to the complexity of the situation. When the central government seeks to dominate and control these resources, tensions often arise with autonomous regions seeking a fairer share of the natural wealth. Third, international conflicts often arise in the context of natural resources. Tensions between countries that share transnational resources, such as rivers and oil reserves in international waters, can worsen diplomatic relations. For example, the South China Sea dispute, in which several countries claim rights to the resource-rich region, is generating tensions involving maritime spoils and fishing rights. Environmental aspects also cannot be ignored in the analysis of natural resource conflicts. Unsustainable exploitation often triggers conflict. Deforestation in the Amazon, for example, has a major impact on climate change and affects the lives of people who depend on the forest. As the environment is destroyed, conflicts over gaining access to increasingly scarce resources will increase. From an economic perspective, this conflict is also often triggered by injustice in the distribution of wealth. Corruption and poor resource management lead to public dissatisfaction. Income from natural resources is often not felt by local communities, but is only enjoyed by political and business elites. This creates deep social fissures, which have the potential to lead to conflict. Furthermore, the role of international institutions and non-governmental organizations in mitigating natural resource conflicts is also very important. Through diplomacy, mediation and advocacy, this organization tries to create understanding between parties in conflict. Human rights-based approaches, for example, are increasingly being adopted to protect the rights of local communities in decision-making regarding natural resources. Finally, resolving conflicts involving natural resources requires a multi-dimensional approach that includes economic, social and environmental aspects. The involvement of all stakeholders, including governments, local communities and the private sector, is critical to promoting more equitable and sustainable resource management. This not only helps reduce tensions, but also creates the basis for a more lasting peace.